Piezoelectric actuator controlled by electric field shows serious hysteresis and creep phenomena, which severely degrades the positioning accuracy.
压电陶瓷致动器在电场驱动下会产生迟滞和蠕变现象，降低了定位精度。
The interplay between thermostat nonlinear dynamic characteristics and engine thermal system hysteresis complicates system transient phenomena.
节温器非线性动态特性与发动机热系统延迟效应相互作用，使系统动态特性复杂。
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